顆粒會(huì)散射光,部分顆粒還會(huì)吸收光。DCP 使用一束 LED 光,下列關(guān)系式描述了其基本原理。該分析基于光散射的一種簡(jiǎn)化形式,即濁度。該分析基于光散射的一種簡(jiǎn)化形式,即濁度。靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)光散射通過量化散射光來計(jì)算粒徑,而濁度只需要能夠測(cè)量由于散射和/或吸收而損失的光,本質(zhì)上是通過透射率的降低來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
It = ?I0 exp (-Qext * C * L)? 其中 I0 為入射光強(qiáng)度,It 為透射光強(qiáng)度
BI-DCP 獲得的最終粒徑分布取決于流體動(dòng)力學(xué),因?yàn)檫@決定了粒子帶到達(dá)檢測(cè)器所需的時(shí)間。在考慮具有復(fù)雜折射率的材料(如金屬和金屬氧化物顆粒)時(shí),光學(xué)校正變得更加困難。這類樣品更適合采用 X 射線檢測(cè)。原子質(zhì)量較高的納米材料往往具有更高的密度,因此沉降速度更快。金屬和金屬氧化物顆粒通常如此。
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